Glow Discharge Plasma is a colored plasma generated by passing electrical current through an ionized gas between two electrodes with many application, from light bulbs to sputter coating.

Plasma cleaning is an efficient, eco-friendly, and versatile surface plasma treatment that facilitates cleaning a surface to the atomic level or create desired functional groups on it for different applications.

Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD) is a set of vacuum deposition methods in which a solid material vaporizes in a vacuum environment and is deposit on the substrate as a thin film.

Deposition on a surface based on different physical and chemical coating processes can modify its surface structure and properties that can lead to various applications.

Pulsed Laser Deposition (PLD) is a high vacuum PVD technique in which a high-energy laser is used to ablate the target material and create a plasma plum with species of the same stoichiometry of the target to be deposited on the substrate.

High vacuum and Ultra-high vacuum systems provide a clean environment for processes that needs clean surfaces, as thin film deposition and surface analysis.

Helium leak detectors are high-precision vacuum leak detection systems used in finding local or integral vacuum leaks using various techniques like sniffer probe, spraying, etc.

Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is a highly efficient method for imaging micro-nano structures. SEM has improved enormously to enhance image quality.

Aperture cleaning electron microscope is mainly achieved through thermal evaporation or plasma cleaning is an essential process to obtain high-resolution SEM/TEM images.

Outgassing is defined as the release of a gas which has been trapped, dissolved, absorbed or frozen in a material, a challenge in the way of high vacuum deposition.

Chalcogenide thin films deposition through different coating methods such as sputtering, possess special properties for solar cells, fuel cell, batteries, etc.

Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) is an improved version of SEM method with higher resolution imaging capability of micro and nano structures.