Magnetron sputtering is a key technique that enhances the conventional sputtering process by increasing both the sputtering and deposition rates at lower chamber pressures.

Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is a coating method for thin film deposition through chemical processes in a reactor with precursors, and has numerous applications in electronics, semiconductors, optoelectronics, and advanced materials research.

Vacuum feedthroughs are essential components in a vacuum chamber. Electrical feedthrough, especially high-current feedthroughs should be provided regarding safety precautions.

RF sputtering is widely used for electrically non-conductive target materials deposition.

The sputter target surface undergoes erosion by successive collisions of the energetic charged particles through the magnetron sputtering process. The erosion pattern plays an important role in the sputter target lifetime or target utility;

Plasma created by glow discharge can be manipulated to treat surface areas to achieve desired surface properties for various applications.

Carbon coating is a thin layer of carbon that be coated by various methods, like thermal evaporation, E-beam deposition, or sputter coating and utilized in different applications.

Thermal evaporation deposition technique is widely used as a straight method of forming thin films for various applications like solar cells and sensors.

PVD coatings in optoelectronics enable high-purity, uniform thin films of metals and ceramics for various functions, including forming interconnects, barriers, and insulators, used in LEDs and ICs.

The use of Magnetron Sputtering is done in two ways that relates to the configuration of the magnets. Balanced magnetron sputtering: If all the magnets have the same power.

Thickness uniformity of thin films is an important feature in a coating performance that can be manipulated through adjusting deposition chamber geometrical factors.

A quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) sensor is a piezoelectric crystal that detects the extra mass placed on it based on the change in its resonating frequency.