Category: Report

[vc_row][vc_column width="3/4"][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner][vc_column_text css=""] Methods for Thin Film Thickness Measurement Thin films are deposited layers or coatings with thicknesses in the range of micrometer or nanometer that are widely used in various industries including electronics, nanotechnology, energy, and industrial coatings. One of the main challenges in working with these films is the accurate measurement of their thickness, which is central in PVD process control, metrology and materials research. [/vc_column_text][/vc_column_inner][/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner css=".vc_custom_1766132241242{background-color: #D9D9D9 !important;}"][vc_column_inner width="1/2"][vc_cta h2="" txt_align="center" style="3d" color="mulled-wine" add_button="bottom" btn_title="More About Thin Films" btn_style="3d" btn_color="juicy-pink" btn_align="center" css="" btn_link="url:https%3A%2F%2Fvaccoat.com%2Fblog%2Fthin-film-and-thin-films-types%2F|title:Thin%20Films%20Coating%20and%20Applications"][/vc_cta][/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width="1/2"][vc_raw_html css=""]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[/vc_raw_html][vc_column_text css=".vc_custom_1766103420053{margin-top: -20px !important;}"] Diamond-Like Carbon (DLC) Coating Thickness | FT-IR Microscopy | Material Research I LUMOS II [/vc_column_text][/vc_column_inner][/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner][vc_column_text css=""] How to choose the proper method for measurement of thin film thickness? Thin film thickness measurement can be performed in various ways and…

[vc_row][vc_column width="3/4"][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner][vc_column_text css=""] Vacuum Coating Chamber Maintenance Vacuum chambers are the heart of a vacuum coating system. Maintenance of the vacuum coating chamber used in physical vapour deposition (PVD), including sputtering or thermal evaporation methods, is critical to ensure layer quality, repeatability, device uptime, and equipment lifespan. The main considerations in vacuum chamber maintenance include vacuum chamber cleaning from contamination, leak detection, inspecting O-rings and seals, and vacuum pump(s) servicing. A vacuum coating may also contain other parts like film thickness monitor, gas flow controller (MFC), cooling system, etc., that require frequent inspection and calibration. [/vc_column_text][/vc_column_inner][/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner css=".vc_custom_1763730178816{background-color: #D9D9D9 !important;}"][vc_column_inner width="1/2"][vc_cta h2="" txt_align="center" style="3d" color="mulled-wine" add_button="bottom" btn_title="More About Thermal Evaporation" btn_style="3d" btn_color="juicy-pink" btn_align="center" css="" btn_link="url:https%3A%2F%2Fvaccoat.com%2Fblog%2Fthermal-evaporation-method%2F|title:Thin%20Film%20Deposition%20By%20Thermal%20Evaporation%20Method"][/vc_cta][/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width="1/2"][vc_cta h2="" txt_align="center" style="3d" color="mulled-wine" add_button="bottom" btn_title="More About Sputtering" btn_style="3d" btn_color="juicy-pink" btn_align="center" css="" btn_link="url:https%3A%2F%2Fvaccoat.com%2Fblog%2Fsputtering%2F|title:Sputtering%20Process%20%7C%20Sputtering%20Deposition%20Method"][/vc_cta][/vc_column_inner][/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner][vc_column_text css=""] What…

[vc_row][vc_column width="3/4"][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner][vc_column_text css=""] The Best Conductive Coating Thickness for Electron Microscopy and Microanalysis Coating an insulating specimen with a thin conductive layer is one of the common sample preparation steps prior to the surface analysis techniques engaging electrons. A thin coating of a conductive material with proper grain size enhances charge dissipation on the sample surface that is bombarded by the electrons. Choosing the proper conductive coating thickness for electron microscopy and microanalysis, such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS/EDX), and wavelength-dispersive spectroscopy (WDS), helps to achieve a high-resolution imaging and precise examination of the sample’s surface. [/vc_column_text][/vc_column_inner][/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner css=".vc_custom_1762191300845{background-color: #D9D9D9 !important;}"][vc_column_inner width="1/2"][vc_cta h2="" txt_align="center" style="3d" color="mulled-wine" add_button="bottom" btn_title="More About SEM" btn_style="3d" btn_color="juicy-pink" btn_align="center" css="" btn_link="url:https%3A%2F%2Fvaccoat.com%2Fblog%2Fscanning-electron-microscope-sem%2F|title:Scanning%20Electron%20Microscope%20(SEM)"][/vc_cta][/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width="1/2"][vc_cta h2="" txt_align="center" style="3d"…

[vc_row][vc_column width="3/4"][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner width="1/2"][vc_column_text css=""] Bias Sputtering Bias sputtering, or substrate biasing, involves applying an electric voltage to the substrate, which increases the ion bombardment of the substrate and the subsequent coating during the sputter deposition process. The main aim of substrate bias sputtering is to minimise film contamination by the process gas atoms, and it helps produce more condensed films with lower electrical resistivity compared to those formed without substrate biasing. [/vc_column_text][/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width="1/2"][vc_single_image image="13895" img_size="medium" add_caption="yes" alignment="center" style="vc_box_outline" border_color="mulled_wine" css=""][/vc_column_inner][/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner css=".vc_custom_1758448637471{background-color: #D9D9D9 !important;}"][vc_column_inner][vc_column_text css=""] How Does Substrate Bias Sputtering Work? During the sputtering process, the surface of the sputtering target is bombarded by the positive ions generated in the plasma of the process gas. The substrate ion bombardment can be controlled by adjusting the applied voltage, which can modify the…

[vc_row][vc_column width="3/4"][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner][vc_column_text css=""] What Is DC Sputtering? Direct Current sputtering, also known as DC sputtering, a subclass of diode sputtering, is a common method used to deposit thin films of conductive materials. Applying a DC voltage between the cathode and anode in a vacuum chamber results in the formation of energetic plasma ions, bombarding the target material on the cathode and ejecting its atoms, which are then deposited on the substrate. [/vc_column_text][/vc_column_inner][/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner css=".vc_custom_1756070177704{background-color: #D9D9D9 !important;}"][vc_column_inner width="1/2"][vc_cta h2="" txt_align="center" style="3d" color="mulled-wine" add_button="bottom" btn_title="More About Sputtering" btn_style="3d" btn_color="juicy-pink" btn_align="center" css="" btn_link="url:https%3A%2F%2Fvaccoat.com%2Fblog%2Fsputtering%2F|title:Sputtering%20Process%20%7C%20Sputtering%20Deposition%20Method"][/vc_cta][/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width="1/2"][vc_cta h2="" txt_align="center" style="3d" color="mulled-wine" add_button="bottom" btn_title="What is Thin Film?" btn_style="3d" btn_color="juicy-pink" btn_align="center" css="" btn_link="url:https%3A%2F%2Fvaccoat.com%2Fblog%2Fthin-film-and-thin-films-types%2F|title:Thin%20Films%20Coating%20and%20Applications"][/vc_cta][/vc_column_inner][/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner][vc_column_text css=""] DC-diode sputtering offers the advantage of simple performance; however, its operation is limited to conductive targets due to charge buildup on insulator target surfaces during…

[vc_row][vc_column width="3/4"][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner][vc_column_text css=""] Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) Conventional transmission electron microscopy (TEM) utilises a beam of electrons interacting with a thin specimen. The scattered electrons transmitted through the sample are subsequently collected to form an image revealing its structure. Transmission electron microscopes are consistently developed to overcome challenges and enhance the image resolution below 1 nm and magnification of up to 1,000,000x, creating various modes for extensive applications, such as high-resolution imaging of micro-nano structures, crystalline phase orientations, and elemental analysis. Moreover, achieving high-quality, accurate results for electron microscopy, specifically TEM, requires considerations in sample preparation steps prior to the analysis. This article is intended to shed light on the transmission electron microscopy basics, components, modes, as well as its applications, advantages, and challenges. [/vc_column_text][/vc_column_inner][/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner css=".vc_custom_1754565665169{background-color: #D9D9D9 !important;}"][vc_column_inner width="1/2"][vc_cta h2=""…

[vc_row][vc_column width="3/4"][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner width="1/2"][vc_column_text css=""] What Is Magnetron Sputtering? Magnetron sputtering is a subcategory of sputtering deposition in which a magnetron cathode is used to enhance ion-target collisions, thereby intensifying the sputtering and deposition rates. The merits of magnetron sputter deposition over conventional sputter deposition have made magnetron cathodes a vital part of a typical sputtering system. [/vc_column_text][/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width="1/2"][vc_column_text css=""] [lwptoc backgroundColor="#d6d6d6" borderColor="#5b5b5b" skipHeadingText="References|Recent posts|Some Of Vac Coat\'s products|Sputter Coater|Carbon Coater|SEM Coater|Thermal"] [/vc_column_text][/vc_column_inner][/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner css=".vc_custom_1753256918022{background-color: #D9D9D9 !important;}"][vc_column_inner width="1/2"][vc_cta h2="" txt_align="center" style="3d" color="mulled-wine" add_button="bottom" btn_title="What is Sputtering?" btn_style="3d" btn_color="juicy-pink" btn_align="center" css="" btn_link="url:https%3A%2F%2Fvaccoat.com%2Fblog%2Fsputtering%2F|title:Sputtering%20Process%20%7C%20Sputtering%20Deposition%20Method"][/vc_cta][/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width="1/2"][vc_cta h2="" txt_align="center" style="3d" color="mulled-wine" add_button="bottom" btn_title="Sputter Coaters" btn_style="3d" btn_color="juicy-pink" btn_align="center" css="" btn_link="url:https%3A%2F%2Fvaccoat.com%2Fsputter-coater%2F|title:Sputter%20Coaters%20%7C%20High%20Resolution%20Sputtering%20System"][/vc_cta][/vc_column_inner][/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner][vc_column_text css=""] How Does a Magnetron Sputtering System Work? The primary component of a magnetron sputter coating system that differs from a typical sputtering device is the magnetron cathode,…

[vc_row][vc_column width="3/4"][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner width="1/2"][vc_column_text css=""] What Are Optoelectronics? Optoelectronics include electronic components related to optics (light), in which the light is emitted, modified, or converted, and are activated or deactivated based on the intensity of light. These devices contain various parts like emitters and photodetectors, including photodiodes and phototransistors, which are significantly reliant on high-quality thin film deposition of metals and semiconductors. [/vc_column_text][vc_single_image image="14038" img_size="large" add_caption="yes" alignment="center" style="vc_box_outline" border_color="mulled_wine" css=".vc_custom_1762421948721{margin-top: -20px !important;}"][/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width="1/2"][vc_column_text css=""] [lwptoc backgroundColor="#d6d6d6" borderColor="#5b5b5b" skipHeadingText="References|Recent Posts|Sputter Coater|Carbon Coater|Sputter/ Carbon|Thermal|Some of Vac Coat Systems"] [/vc_column_text][/vc_column_inner][/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner css=".vc_custom_1746101763747{background-color: #D9D9D9 !important;}"][vc_column_inner width="1/2"][vc_cta h2="" txt_align="center" style="3d" color="mulled-wine" add_button="bottom" btn_title="More About PVD" btn_style="3d" btn_color="juicy-pink" btn_align="center" css="" btn_link="url:https%3A%2F%2Fvaccoat.com%2Fblog%2Fphysical-vapor-deposition-pvd%2F|title:Physical%20Vapor%20Deposition%20(PVD)|target:_blank"][/vc_cta][/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width="1/2"][vc_cta h2="" txt_align="center" style="3d" color="mulled-wine" add_button="bottom" btn_title="What is Thin Film?" btn_style="3d" btn_color="juicy-pink" btn_align="center" css="" btn_link="url:https%3A%2F%2Fvaccoat.com%2Fblog%2Fthin-film-and-thin-films-types%2F|title:Thin%20Films%20Coating%20and%20Applications|target:_blank"][/vc_cta][/vc_column_inner][/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner css=".vc_custom_1746101776122{background-color: #FFFFFF !important;}"][vc_column_inner][vc_column_text css=""] Physical Vapour Deposition (PVD) method to create thin…

[vc_row][vc_column width="3/4"][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner width="1/2"][vc_column_text css=""] Deposition of Reactive Materials Thin films of reactive materials should be deposited in a highly controlled environment to prevent contaminating the resulting layer and achieve a pure coating with the required properties. Some deposition source materials are highly resistant to forming compounds with other materials, which are called noble metals like gold. In contrast, others can be very sensitive to the deposition chamber environment. Here, we will discuss more details on the deposition of reactive materials and the keys to obtain a clean coating. [/vc_column_text][/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width="1/2"][vc_column_text css=""] [lwptoc backgroundColor="#d6d6d6" borderColor="#5b5b5b" skipHeadingText="References|Recent Posts|Sputter Coater|Carbon Coater|Sputter/ Carbon|Thermal|Some of Vac Coat Systems"] [/vc_column_text][/vc_column_inner][/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner css=".vc_custom_1746101763747{background-color: #D9D9D9 !important;}"][vc_column_inner width="1/2"][vc_cta h2="" txt_align="center" style="3d" color="mulled-wine" add_button="bottom" btn_title="What is Deposition?" btn_style="3d" btn_color="juicy-pink" btn_align="center" css="" btn_link="url:https%3A%2F%2Fvaccoat.com%2Fblog%2Fdeposition%2F|title:Deposition%20Methods%20%7C%20Vacuum%20Deposition|target:_blank"][/vc_cta][/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width="1/2"][vc_cta h2="" txt_align="center" style="3d" color="mulled-wine" add_button="bottom" btn_title="What is Thin…

[vc_row][vc_column width="3/4"][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner width="1/2"][vc_column_text css=""] Physical Vapor Deposition Market Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD) represents a cornerstone suite of techniques for depositing thin films of various materials onto substrates, operating under low or high vacuum conditions. Its versatility in handling a wide array of materials (Metals, alloys, ceramics, compounds) and its ability to tailor film properties (Thickness, adhesion, density, stress, electrical and optical characteristics) make it indispensable across numerous high-technology sectors. As we look towards the next decade (2025-2035), PVD market trend is poised for significant growth and technological evolution, driven by relentless innovation cycles in its primary end-use markets. This analysis synthesizes data from recent market reports to provide a comprehensive outlook on the PVD landscape, highlighting key growth drivers, technological advancements, market segmentation, regional dynamics, and strategic considerations relevant from…